3297042 - DBCON connection to 'Amazon RDS for SQL Server' fails throwing "sql error 0 performing CON [dbds ]"

The customer configured a DBCON (database multiconnect) connection to a 'Amazon RDS for SQL Server' database which runs on a server other than the SAP NetWeaver server. 
In DBACockpit, testing the Database Connection Defined in DBCON or in SE38, by executing report ADBC_TEST_CONNECTION, returns following error message:

  Could not open connection ..
  sql error  0  occurred

The developer trace of the work process involved in the DBCON connection indicates:

  Connect to ...
  INFO: A known driver is being used: [ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server].
  ODBC Driver chosen: ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server native
  Connection 0 failed using Driver=ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server; ...

  B  ***LOG BY2=> sql error 0      performing CON [ dbds ]

"Image/data in this KBA is from SAP internal systems, sample data, or demo systems. Any resemblance to real data is purely coincidental."

SAP NetWeaver DBACockpit 

- DBCON source system is: SAP NW 7.x ABAP

- Target system database is : Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) for SQL Server 

Amazon RDS for SQL Server is an AWS managed database service that simplifies operating and managing Microsoft SQL Server databases. 

DBCON, database multiconnect, Amazon Relational Database Service, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, AWS, ODBC, DBSL, dbacockpit, Iaas, PaaS, RDBMS, not supported , KBA , BC-DB-MSS , SQL Server in SAP NetWeaver Products , Problem